The PAMPA Explorer?, PAMPA Evolution? (pION INC) software packages were used for performing permeability measurements and data analysis. The 96-well STIRWELL? PAMPA sandwiches (P/N: 110243) and the stirring bars (P/N: 110211) were from pION INC. The UV plates were from Greiner Bio-one (UV-star micro plate, clear, flat bottom, half area). The manufacturer-calibrated pipettes (EDP-3 and pipet lite series) were purchased from Mettler-Toledo. The Gut-Box? from pION INC was used for stirring.